Skip to content
PeptideHound

Researched effects

DSIP: what the research measured

StatusEarly clinical · not FDA approved

PeptideHound Staff · Last editorially reviewed · 21 sources

DSIP (delta sleep-inducing peptide) is a research compound sold for sleep, and the benefits measured for it are mostly animal results in conditions other than sleep. The one placebo-controlled human study found small changes in light sleep that its own authors judged to be of little clinical significance.

The firmest signals sit in rodents. In rats with chemically triggered seizures, DSIP lowered how often and how badly the seizures came, and a related version did better still. In rats after an experimental stroke, a week of nasal DSIP sped the recovery of balance and coordination. In mice, it cut a drug-induced fever at two doses far apart and not in between.

In people, the measured benefits are about sleep and come from the 1980s. A 1981 study of six insomniacs reported longer, less broken sleep after one infusion. A 1987 double-blind study over four nights found fewer awakenings and more total sleep, but the gains did not separate from placebo or from the patients' own baseline nights.

No approval for DSIP in any country is documented among the research behind this page. Nothing in that record measures a benefit in a healthy adult using it at home, which is how it is sold.

Evidence: Sleep: 3 human studies 1981-1987, the 1 placebo-controlled study found no significant difference against placebo · seizures, stroke, stress, withdrawal and temperature: rats, mice, rabbits and cats only · no benefit measured in healthy adults outside a sleep laboratory

What has DSIP been measured to do, and in what model?

animal model

Sorted by outcome, the record is wide and shallow. Each benefit has one or two studies behind it, and the species changes from one outcome to the next. Sleep was measured in rabbits, cats, mice and people, and the 1984 review notes that in cats, the effect on REM sleep was more pronounced, REM being dreaming sleep.1 Seizures, stroke and stress were measured in rats, temperature in mice, and drug withdrawal in mice.2345 The same review lists effects on electrophysiological activity, neurotransmitter levels in the brain, circadian and locomotor patterns, hormonal levels, psychological performance, and the activity of neuropharmacological drugs including their withdrawal.1 A long list like that reads as a strength. It is better read as a map of where people looked, because almost none of those outcomes was followed up, repeated by a second group, or tested in a person.

Which sleep measures moved in people, and which did not?

human pilot / early trial

The 1987 four-night study is the one to read closely, because it had a placebo and it broke sleep into parts. In those insomniac patients, the number of nocturnal awakenings, NREM sleep latency, total waking time and waking time after sleep onset were decreased under DSIP treatment.6 In those patients, total sleep time and NREM sleep time were increased by the peptide, and the gain came from stage 2, a light stage of sleep.6 The catch is in the next line: for NREM sleep time and stage 2 sleep, differences between DSIP and a placebo were significant, but the same differences existed already for the baseline values.6 In plain terms, the patients were already sleeping that way before the first infusion. Deep sleep, the stage the compound is named after, did not change in that trial. That is the most important measured result on this page, and it is not the one the name promises.

How long does it take for DSIP to work?

human pilot / early trial

The answer depends on which outcome and which animal, and the studies give three very different clocks. In the 1981 insomnia study, the sleep effect arrived within a night, with the sleep enhancing capacity seen for up to 6 h of night sleep after one infusion in those patients.7 A 1984 summary of the human work describes a slower route, where repeated administrations indicated a buildup with normalization of sleep structure after four administrations.8 In rats with seizures, DSIP was slow and long, and the authors wrote that DSIP had a prolonged action, mildly reducing, but not abolishing metaphit seizure.9 In rats after a stroke, the battery of behavioral tests was performed on 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after the blockage, so recovery was tracked over three weeks.3 So a reader asking how long it takes is asking a question with no single answer. Hours, nights and weeks are all in the record, each tied to a different body and a different outcome.

Does DSIP help the body handle stress?

animal model

Stress is the second thread in this literature after sleep, and every result in it is from an animal. In rabbits, DSIP given into a vein or under the skin prevented hyposomnia after a stressful situation, meaning the animals did not lose sleep after stress.5 In rats put through five days of restraint, the authors concluded that long-term stress-coping effects of DSIP rest on considerable changes in the content of other oligopeptides and hormones.10 A 2008 rat study tested DSIP and a glycine blend called Deltaran, and found the two had largely the same actions on the nature of spike activity of neurons in brain areas tied to emotion.11 Every one of those is a change in a stress marker or a nerve signal rather than in how an animal behaved over time. A shift in stress chemistry in a tied-up rat is a different question from whether a stressed person copes better, and the second has not been asked in the research behind this page.

Does DSIP ease drug or alcohol withdrawal?

animal model

There are two animal findings on opioids and one on alcohol, and they point in a direction worth knowing about without proving much. In morphine-dependent mice, DSIP into a vein, or under the skin above a threshold amount, attenuated naloxone-induced withdrawal jumping, a standard sign of withdrawal in mice.5 In cats, DSIP abolished the sleep suppressant effect of morphine, so the cats slept despite the opioid.5 The alcohol finding runs the other way round: alcohol addictism produced a substantial decrease of the DSIP-concentration in the rat brain.12 That last result is about what alcohol does to DSIP, not what DSIP does for someone stopping alcohol. Taken together, the work suggests DSIP and these drugs act on overlapping systems in animals. It does not establish any benefit in a person going through withdrawal, and no human study of that use appears among these sources.

Does DSIP have anti-seizure effects?

animal model

In one rat model, yes, and the details show how modest the effect was. In rats given a chemical that makes them seize in response to loud sound, DSIP and a close variant decreased the incidence, mean seizure grade and duration of metaphit convulsions.2 The authors suggested DSIP and DSIP-12 may be considered as potential antiepileptics in the animal model, DSIP-12 being more efficient than DSIP.2 A follow-up in the same rat model found that valproate and DSIP reduced the incidence of seizure and prolonged duration of latency in a dose-dependent manner.9 Yet none of the applied VPA and DSIP doses eliminated the metaphit-provoked EEG signs of epileptiform activity, the seizure pattern in the rats' brain waves.9 Fewer and milder seizures with the abnormal brain activity still there is a partial effect in one artificial model. It is not evidence of a benefit for anyone with epilepsy.

Does DSIP protect the brain after a stroke?

animal model

Two rat studies looked, and they measured different things. The 2021 study tested motor coordination and balance and bilateral asymmetry in rats given nasal DSIP before and after a blocked brain artery.3 Its authors concluded that intranasal administration of DSIP in the course of 8 days leads to accelerated recovery of motor functions in those rats.3 The 2008 study used a blend, glycine with delta sleep-inducing peptide combined in the neuroprotective formulation Deltaran, in rats with stress before brain ischemia.11 There, the survival rate of cerebral ischemia was 100% in animals given Deltaran, while death occurred in 38% of animals not given Deltaran.11 The survival figure belongs to a blend rather than to DSIP alone, and the 2021 result is about how fast rats regained balance rather than how much brain was saved. Neither carries over to a person recovering from a stroke without a human study.

Does DSIP lower body temperature?

animal model

Only in one species, at two widely separated amounts, and not in the species where the effect was first reported. An earlier report had found that DSIP reversed the increase in temperature of rats injected at room temperature with 15 mg d-amphetamine per kg body weight, a stimulant that drives body heat up.4 When a 1984 team tested it again, a reduction of the increased temperature was observed in mice but not in rats.4 For DSIP two active dose ranges were observed, and the peptide could not reduce the rise caused by the larger dose of 30 mg/kg d-amphetamine.4 A result that appears in mice, vanishes in rats, and fails against a stronger challenge is the kind of finding that needs a second lab before it means anything. It has not had one among these sources.

Do DSIP-like peptides protect against chemotherapy damage?

animal model

Modified versions did in one animal study, and that distinction is the whole point of the answer. A 2014 study found that practically all the studied DSIP analogues were shown to exhibit considerable direct antioxidative activity in laboratory tests, and one of them, ID-6, outperformed DSIP itself.13 The authors concluded that the DSIP-relative peptides could be promising agents for the decrease in the toxic effects of cytostatics that are used in oncology, cytostatics being cancer drugs that stop cells dividing.13 The best-performing molecule was not DSIP. It was a variant with one or two building blocks swapped, tested against one cancer drug in animals. A reader buying DSIP is buying the original sequence, so this result describes a relative rather than the compound in the vial. It does not tell anyone that DSIP protects a person on chemotherapy.

Does DSIP have anything to do with weight?

review

The link that turns up in searches is about a different molecule with a borrowed name. A 2009 obesity review describes the 'delta sleep-inducing peptide immunoreactor', also known as 'glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ)', as a possible link between body clocks and fat tissue.14 The review ends by calling GILZ an attractive candidate for future studies evaluating the role of circadian mechanisms in adipose tissue physiology and pathology.14 GILZ is a gene and the protein it makes, not the nine-unit peptide sold as DSIP. The shared name comes from how the gene was first found. So the weight claim rests on a naming accident rather than on a result. No study among the research behind this page gave DSIP and measured body weight or fat in a person, and a candidate for future study is not a finding.

Has DSIP been studied differently in men and women?

human pilot / early trial

Women and men were each studied once for hormones, and neither study was looking for a benefit. A 1993 study gave DSIP to eight healthy women with normal cycles (aged 17-36 years) and tracked growth hormone and prolactin.15 Its finding was that the GH and PRL circadian rhythm was not modified by DSIP administration in those women.15 A 1995 study in men reached a matching answer for the stress axis, writing that the data do not support an inhibitory role of DSIP on ACTH and cortisol secretion in man.16 When levels of the body's own DSIP were measured in the spinal fluid of 44 patients, there were no differences between men and women.17 None of those designs compared the sexes on a sleep outcome, so any claim of a benefit specific to men or to women has nothing underneath it in this record.

Does a DSIP benefit in one species carry to another?

animal model

Often not, and this literature shows it more plainly than most. The group that isolated the peptide wrote that sleep-induction per se was found to be species specific, i.e. in cats REM-sleep was predominantly produced.12 In rabbits, by contrast, the same amounts augmented spindle-dominated, light nonREM sleep.5 The fever result held in mice and failed in rats, and a 1984 rat study found that a daytime infusion into the brain brought about almost no change in sleep parameters, unlike a night-time one.418 Rabbit, cat, mouse and rat each gave a different answer to the same question. A person is a fifth species, and the human studies gave a sixth answer, small and unclear. That is a strong reason not to borrow any animal benefit for a human claim.

Which hoped-for DSIP benefits have not been measured?

animal model

Most of the ones it is sold for. Deep sleep in healthy adults, recovery from training, pain relief, and anti-ageing effects have no study behind them among these sources. A 2026 orthopaedic review files DSIP among recovery-enhancing agents that target circadian and mitochondrial regulators, but in the same text notes a current lack of clinical trials.19 A 2005 rat paper opens by saying that earlier work found DSIP has influence on insomnia, pain, adaptation to stress, epilepsy, etc.2 That list is a summary of earlier claims rather than a set of results, and among the research behind this page no study measures pain at all. A category label in a review, or a line in a paper's introduction, describes what people hoped rather than what anyone measured. The gap between the two is the honest answer for most of the benefits a buyer will see listed.

What would it take to show a benefit in a healthy adult?

human pilot / early trial

A study of the kind the sleep field already uses for other substances, and the 2003 review that lists DSIP spells out the bar. It describes the accepted sleep factors as ones that promote non-REMS in various species, where inhibition of their action or endogenous production results in loss of spontaneous sleep.20 For DSIP and the other transfer-era factors, the same review says a physiological sleep regulatory role, however, has not been determined for these substances.20 A 1994 study adds a clue against DSIP as a sleep signal: in five normal men, its blood levels showed no or minimal changes between a day of activity and a day of bed rest.21 So the work that would settle it is a placebo-controlled trial in healthy adults, under the skin, over weeks, with sleep recorded in a laboratory. That trial does not appear among these sources, which is why every benefit claim for healthy users is a hope rather than a measured result.

What we don’t know

The gaps in the evidence matter as much as the findings.

  1. 01Whether DSIP improves deep sleep in anyone. The one placebo-controlled study among the research behind this page found changes only in light sleep, and those were present before treatment.
  2. 02Whether any benefit appears in healthy adults. Every human sleep study among these sources enrolled insomniacs and gave DSIP into a vein.
  3. 03Whether the anti-seizure, stroke and stress results hold outside rats. Each comes from one or two rodent studies and none has a human counterpart in these sources.
  4. 04Whether the plain peptide shares the protective effects of its analogues. The chemotherapy and seizure results were strongest for modified versions.
  5. 05Whether it does anything for pain, recovery or ageing. These are claimed in reviews and introductions, and no study among the research behind this page measured them.
  6. 06Whether results hold over weeks or months. The longest human course among these sources is four nights, and the longest animal course is eight days.
  7. 07How much is needed for any effect. Dose-response curves in animals were U-shaped and bell-shaped, and in mice two separate amounts worked while those between did not.

Sources

  1. 1Delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP): a review Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1984. doi:10.1016/0149-7634(84)90022-8review
  2. 2Antiepileptic activity of delta sleep-inducing peptide and its analogue in metaphit-provoked seizures in rats Seizure 2005. doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2005.02.001animal model
  3. 3Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide Recovers Motor Function in SD Rats after Focal Stroke Molecules 2021. doi:10.3390/molecules26175173animal model
  4. 4DSIP reduces amphetamine-induced hyperthermia in mice Physiol Behav 1984. doi:10.1016/0031-9384(84)90114-8animal model
  5. 5Some pharmacological effects of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) Eur Neurol 1984. doi:10.1159/000115712animal model
  6. 6Study of delta sleep-inducing peptide efficacy in improving sleep on short-term administration to chronic insomniacs Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1987. PMID 3583493human pilot / early trial
  7. 7The influence of synthetic DSIP (delta-sleep-inducing-peptide) on disturbed human sleep Experientia 1981. doi:10.1007/BF01971753human pilot / early trial
  8. 8DSIP in insomnia Eur Neurol 1984. doi:10.1159/000115714human pilot / early trial
  9. 9Valproate and delta-sleep peptide display high efficacy against metaphit-induced audiogenic seizure in rats Acta Physiol Hung 2006. doi:10.1556/APhysiol.93.2006.4.6animal model
  10. 10[Changes in the content of substance P, beta-endorphin and corticosterone in the hypothalamus and blood of rats with emotional stress after the administration of the delta sleep-inducing peptide] Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova 1995. PMID 8560945animal model
  11. 11Delta sleep-inducing peptide and Deltaran: potential approaches to antistress protection Neurosci Behav Physiol 2008. doi:10.1007/s11055-008-9076-4animal model
  12. 12Characterization, properties and multivariate functions of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) Eur Neurol 1984. doi:10.1159/000115711animal model
  13. 13[Antioxidative and detoxifying effects of analogues of delta-sleep inducing peptide (DSIP)] Bioorg Khim 2014. doi:10.1134/s1068162014010087animal model
  14. 14Delta sleep-inducing peptide and glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper: potential links between circadian mechanisms and obesity? Obes Rev 2009. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00661.xreview
  15. 15Delta sleep-inducing peptide administration does not influence growth hormone and prolactin secretion in normal women Psychoneuroendocrinology 1993. doi:10.1016/0306-4530(93)90057-rhuman pilot / early trial
  16. 16Delta-sleep-inducing peptide does not affect CRH and meal-induced ACTH and cortisol secretion Psychoneuroendocrinology 1995. doi:10.1016/0306-4530(94)00050-khuman pilot / early trial
  17. 17HPA-related CSF neuropeptides in suicide attempters Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1992. doi:10.1016/0924-977x(92)90018-4human pilot / early trial
  18. 18Little sleep-promoting effect of three sleep substances diurnally infused in unrestrained rats Neurosci Lett 1984. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(84)90161-7animal model
  19. 19Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 2026. doi:10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-25-00236review
  20. 20Biochemical regulation of non-rapid-eye-movement sleep Front Biosci 2003. doi:10.2741/1033review
  21. 21Plasma concentration of nine hormones and neurotransmitters during usual activities or constant bed rest for 34 H Chronobiol Int 1994. doi:10.3109/07420529409057254human pilot / early trial